Legislature(1999 - 2000)

04/10/2000 02:20 PM Senate JUD

Audio Topic
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
txt
Number 1550                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
                HB 239-UCC SECURED TRANSACTIONS                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE LISA MURKOWSKI, sponsor of HB 239, explained that                                                                
national commissioners have been working on a substantial re-write                                                              
of Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code Secure Transaction                                                                  
(UCC) for about eight years.  The re-write was done by some of the                                                              
greatest minds in the country.  It has been accepted unanimously by                                                             
the commissioners, and HB 239 is an excellent document as far as                                                                
what has been done with the UCC.  This version of Article 9 has                                                                 
been distributed all over Alaska to the parties that will be                                                                    
affected.  The comments coming back have all been positive, and it                                                              
is felt that this re-write brings Alaska into the Twenty-First                                                                  
century.  HB 239 modernizes and updates the UCC and allows for a                                                                
centralized filing system without policy changes.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Number 1653                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR. JERRY KURTZ, a member of the Alaska delegation to the National                                                              
Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, said he has been                                                             
to every floor session of the national conference concerning HB 239                                                             
which covers Article 9.  Article 9 is the most important part of                                                                
the Uniform Commercial Code; it has been adopted in every state in                                                              
its present form and it is fast being adopted in its proposed                                                                   
revision.  The balance has not been changed by the revision but                                                                 
there are improvements that will save money and improve the flow of                                                             
commerce.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Number 1736                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DONLEY asked for an explanation of the changes in the                                                                   
definition of "good faith."                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR. STEVEN WEISE, American Bar Association advisor to the Drafting                                                              
Committee of the UCC, said that the definition was changed from a                                                               
subjective definition to a definition that has a more "commercial                                                               
reasonableness component."   The change means that even if a person                                                             
was acting honestly, if the action was so out-of-bounds of what is                                                              
fair, the action would not be considered to be done in good faith.                                                              
This same definition is in other articles of the UCC over the last                                                              
10 years.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DONLEY asked how good faith affects the consumer.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE answered that it runs in all directions.  All parties to                                                              
the transaction, consumer, secured party or non-consumer borrower,                                                              
are required to act in good faith in their performance and                                                                      
enforcement of their rights under a security agreement or in                                                                    
enforcing rights under Article 9.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DONLEY said, "So you are going to enforce on consumers now,                                                             
even if they honestly believe their case is right--some commercial                                                              
standard that they might not know anything about?"                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE answered that the primary purpose of it is that secured                                                               
lenders who are enforcing their rights have to act in good faith.                                                               
Their ability to contest what the lender has done would be                                                                      
unaffected by that.  The good faith standard was brought about                                                                  
because of the concern over lenders not acting in good faith.  It                                                               
puts some constraints on their performance of a contract or                                                                     
enforcement of a contract.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
CHAIRMAN TAYLOR asked Mr. Weise to give the committee a                                                                         
hypothetical situation.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE replied if a lender was seeking to enforce its collateral                                                             
and honestly believed its method of enforcement was fair, but, when                                                             
viewed objectively from the outside it was way beyond the range -                                                               
for example the way notice was given to the borrower, the court                                                                 
could say that the secured party had not conducted its activities                                                               
in a manner that complied with the requirement.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DONLEY stated he is more concerned about the impact to the                                                              
borrower.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE maintained that this should not have much of an effect on                                                             
the borrower or consumer side of such transactions.  None of the                                                                
case law comes up in the context of what the borrower has done but                                                              
the general notion is that the need to act in good faith applies to                                                             
all parties in the transaction.  For example, a borrower should not                                                             
be able to hide or damage the collateral if the collateral has been                                                             
fairly obtained.  Part of the tradeoff for the lending community in                                                             
accepting a tougher definition of good faith was that it apply in                                                               
all directions.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
CHAIRMAN TAYLOR remarked that some years ago, a borrower had failed                                                             
to make the payments on a leased piece of logging equipment located                                                             
on the side of a hill.  The lender had rights to retake the                                                                     
equipment for default under the secured transaction, even though it                                                             
was a lease purchase agreement.  The lender, however was denied                                                                 
access to the road system that would allow him to take the piece of                                                             
equipment.  Under the old definition, the borrower's right to deny                                                              
access could be exercised.  He asked Mr. Weise if that right could                                                              
not be exercised under the new good faith standard.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE said that is a good example.  It is the expectation that                                                              
it will be exceedingly rare where good faith will be an issue                                                                   
concerning the borrower.  He added that the entire discussion by                                                                
the UCC committee with regard to this issue revolved around the                                                                 
conduct of the lender.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Number 2080                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DONLEY wondered how HB 239 will impact an ordinary consumer                                                             
buying ordinary consumer goods, for example, what types of things                                                               
a consumer will want to know.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE said there was extensive consideration given to consumer                                                              
interest and a number of provisions have been added for their                                                                   
protection.  For example, if a consumer were to default in their                                                                
secured obligation, they are entitled to special notice (more than                                                              
a commercial borrower will receive) at the time of a foreclosure,                                                               
a detailed accounting, etc.  There are a string of pro-consumer                                                                 
provisions in the revised Article 9 that are designed specifically                                                              
to give consumers more protection than they have under current law                                                              
and more protection than a commercial borrower would have under the                                                             
new law.  A consumer task force, made up of representatives of                                                                  
consumers' unions, legal aid groups from various states, banks and                                                              
automobile creditors, worked out a series of provisions that all                                                                
sides signed off on.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DONLEY asked Mr. Weise if he had anything from consumer                                                                 
groups endorsing HB 239.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE said he does not have anything in writing but at the very                                                             
last meeting of the drafting committee, the Chair asked each of the                                                             
sides to stand up publicly and state that they were in support of                                                               
the revision.  He said he would fax a Law Review article written by                                                             
the Chair of that committee that reports that activity.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Number 2196                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
CHAIRMAN TAYLOR asked if the rewrite improves the defensive                                                                     
position of consumers if their credit is transferred or sold to a                                                               
buyer "in due course."                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MR. WEISE responded yes it has.  The Federal Trade Commission (FTC)                                                             
has a holder in due course rule which requires that when a consumer                                                             
obligation is transferred, that the obligation contain a statement,                                                             
required by the FTC, saying that the buyer of the note is subject                                                               
to all defenses that the consumer would have had against the                                                                    
original seller or lender.  There is a provision in the new Article                                                             
9 that says if the FTC statement is not on the obligation, it will                                                              
be treated as if it were there.  So, anyone who buys a consumer                                                                 
obligation is subject to those defenses even if the person who                                                                  
sells the obligation did not comply with the FTC rule.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Number 2350                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR. KURTZ said there was a concerted effort by car financiers to                                                                
change the balance of Article 9.  There were battles over the early                                                             
draft of the bill because of the attempt to shift the balance.  The                                                             
net result is that the balance has been shifted in the opposite                                                                 
direction of what the car financiers wanted.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Tape 00-20, Side B                                                                                                              
Number 000                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
MR. KURTZ continued.  The consumer organizations, with whom they                                                                
had quite a bit of contact at the various annual meetings and                                                                   
through correspondence, are comfortable with the end result.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. SHARON YOUNG, State Recorder's Office for the Department of                                                                 
Natural Resources, said that HB 239 will make a drastic improvement                                                             
of the filing system in Alaska.  HB 239 will streamline the system                                                              
and make it easier for the customer to use.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DONLEY moved HB 259 from committee with individual                                                                      
recommendations.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
CHAIRMAN TAYLOR noted he would distribute the article from Mr.                                                                  
Weise prior to moving the bill from committee.  With no objection,                                                              
the motion carried.                                                                                                             

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